2. Demonstrative Subsection
3. Niddesavāra
Nội dung dưới đây được dịch tự động. Có thể chưa hoàn toàn chính xác về thuật ngữ Phật học. Vui lòng tham chiếu bản gốc tiếng Anh hoặc Pāli để đối chiếu.
Phần luận giải về các phương thức truyền đạt và đối chiếu giáo pháp giúp thấu triệt ý nghĩa sâu xa của lời Phật dạy. Bài học: Chánh niệm và trí tuệ là đôi cánh bảo vệ con người khỏi mọi đau khổ luân hồi.
Tattha saṅkhepato netti kittitā.
3.1. Hārasaṅkhepa
Assādādīnavatā,
Nissaraṇampi ca phalaṁ upāyo ca;
Āṇattī ca bhagavato,
Yogīnaṁ desanāhāro.
Yaṁ pucchitañca vissajjitañca,
Suttassa yā ca anugīti;
Suttassa yo pavicayo,
Hāro vicayoti niddiṭṭho.
Sabbesaṁ hārānaṁ,
Yā bhūmī yo ca gocaro tesaṁ;
Yuttāyuttaparikkhā,
Hāro yuttīti niddiṭṭho.
Dhammaṁ deseti jino,
Tassa ca dhammassa yaṁ padaṭṭhānaṁ;
Iti yāva sabbadhammā,
Eso hāro padaṭṭhāno.
Vuttamhi ekadhamme,
Ye dhammā ekalakkhaṇā keci;
Vuttā bhavanti sabbe,
So hāro lakkhaṇo nāma.
Neruttamadhippāyo,
Byañjanamatha desanānidānañca;
Pubbāparānusandhī,
Eso hāro catubyūho.
Ekamhi padaṭṭhāne,
Pariyesati sesakaṁ padaṭṭhānaṁ;
Āvaṭṭati paṭipakkhe,
Āvaṭṭo nāma so hāro.
Dhammañca padaṭṭhānaṁ,
Bhūmiñca vibhajjate ayaṁ hāro;
Sādhāraṇe asādhā-
Raṇe ca neyyo vibhattīti.
Kusalākusale dhamme,
Niddiṭṭhe bhāvite pahīne ca;
Parivattati paṭipakkhe,
Hāro parivattano nāma.
Vevacanāni bahūni tu,
Sutte vuttāni ekadhammassa;
Yo jānāti suttavidū,
Vevacano nāma so hāro.
Ekaṁ bhagavā dhammaṁ,
Paññattīhi vividhāhi deseti;
So ākāro ñeyyo,
Paññattī nāma hāroti.
Yo ca paṭiccuppādo,
Indriyakhandhā ca dhātu āyatanā;
Etehi otarati yo,
Otaraṇo nāma so hāro.
Vissajjitamhi pañhe,
Gāthāyaṁ pucchitā yamārabbha;
Suddhāsuddhaparikkhā,
Hāro so sodhano nāma.
Ekattatāya dhammā,
Yepi ca vemattatāya niddiṭṭhā;
Te na vikappayitabbā,
Eso hāro adhiṭṭhāno.
Ye dhammā yaṁ dhammaṁ,
Janayantippaccayā paramparato;
Hetumavakaḍḍhayitvā,
Eso hāro parikkhāro.
Ye dhammā yaṁmūlā,
Ye cekatthā pakāsitā muninā;
Te samaropayitabbā,
Esa samāropano hāro.
3.2. Nayasaṅkhepa
Taṇhañca avijjampi ca,
Samathena vipassanāya yo neti;
Saccehi yojayitvā,
Ayaṁ nayo nandiyāvaṭṭo.
Yo akusale samūlehi,
Neti kusale ca kusalamūlehi;
Bhūtaṁ tathaṁ avitathaṁ,
Tipukkhalaṁ taṁ nayaṁ āhu.
Yo neti vipallāsehi,
Kilese indriyehi saddhamme;
Etaṁ nayaṁ nayavidū,
Sīhavikkīḷitaṁ āhu.
Veyyākaraṇesu hi ye,
Kusalākusalā tahiṁ tahiṁ vuttā;
Manasā volokayate,
Taṁ khu disālocanaṁ āhu.
Oloketvā disalocanena,
Ukkhipiya yaṁ samāneti;
Sabbe kusalākusale,
Ayaṁ nayo aṅkuso nāma.
Soḷasa hārā paṭhamaṁ,
Disalocanato disā viloketvā;
Saṅkhipiya aṅkusena hi,
Nayehi tīhi niddise suttaṁ.
3.3. Dvādasapada
Akkharaṁ padaṁ byañjanaṁ,
nirutti tatheva niddeso;
Ākārachaṭṭhavacanaṁ,
ettāva byañjanaṁ sabbaṁ.
Saṅkāsanā pakāsanā,
Vivaraṇā vibhajanuttānīkammapaññatti;
Etehi chahi padehi,
Attho kammañca niddiṭṭhaṁ.
Tīṇi ca nayā anūnā,
Atthassa ca chappadāni gaṇitāni;
Navahi padehi bhagavato,
Vacanassattho samāyutto.
Atthassa navappadāni,
Byañjanapariyeṭṭhiyā catubbīsa;
Ubhayaṁ saṅkalayitvā,
Tettiṁsā ettikā nettīti.
Niddesavāro.
PTS vp En 85. Here is a summary statement of the guide.
The 16 Modes of Conveying
Gratification, Disappointment,
Escape, Fruit, Means, the Blessed One’s
Injunction to devotees, this Mode
Is the Conveying of a Teaching.6. What in the Thread is asked and answered,
As well as a verse-paraphrase,
And the Thread’s [term-] investigation
This Mode Conveys Investigation.7. Looking for right and wrong construing
In the case of all the Conveyings’
Plane and resort [will] demonstrate
The Mode Conveying a Construing.8. The Victor teaching an idea
Teaches what that idea has too
As footing; so with each idea:
This is the Mode Conveying Footings.9. When one idea is mentioned, all
Ideas of like characteristic
Are mentioned too: this constitutes
The Mode Conveying Characteristics.10. By PTS vp En 9 way of phrasing, (i) the Linguistic,
(ii) The Purport, and (iii) the teaching’s Source,
And (iv) the Consecutive-Sequence:
This Mode Conveys a Fourfold Array.11. The Mode that, when there is one Footing,
Searches for a footing that remains
And then Converts the opposites
Is that Conveying a Conversion.12. It analyses idea, footing,
Plane [of types of men], the shared
And unshared: this Mode should be known
As that Conveying Analysis.13. That into opposites reversing
Ideas of profit and unprofit
Shown to be kept in being and left
Is called the Mode Conveying Reversal.14. PTS vp Pli 4 Knower of Threads is he that knows
How many synonyms for one
Idea are in the Thread: this Mode
Is that Conveying Synonyms.15. The Blessed One one idea teaches
By means of manifold descriptions;
This mood can thus be known to be
The Mode that does Convey Descriptions.16. Dependent-Rising, Faculties,
Categories, Elements, Bases:
The Mode that by these means gives entry
Is that Conveying Ways of Entry.17. PTS vp En 10Seeking if in a question answered
What in the verse did instigate
Its asking is cleared up or not:
This Mode Conveys a Clearing Up.18. Ideas when demonstrated by
[Both] unity and diversity,
Need thereby suffer no disjunction
This Mode Conveys Expression’s Terms.19. Ideas that generate each an idea
In due relation are conditions;
And by its picking out the cause
This Mode Conveys the Requisite.20. Ideas with those whose roots they are,
And those shown by the Sage to have
One meaning, should be co-ordinated:
This Mode conveys Co-ordination.
The 5 Guide-Lines
21. The Guide-Line Craving and Ignorance guiding
By Quiet and Insight, and construing
Appropriately the four Truths
Is the Conversion of Relishing.22. Guiding [ideas of] profit and
Unprofit by their [triple] roots
As they are, really, not unreally,
That Guide-Line they call the Trefoil.23. The PTS vp En 11 wise in Guide-Lines have called that
Lions’ Play which by the faculties
Does faith’s true objects guide, and also
By the perversions the defilements.24. What mentally plots out [ideas
of] profit and unprofit stated
Or here or there in expositions
They call the Plotting of Directions.25. After [thus] plotting with the Plotting
Of Directions, what then throws up
All profit [ideas] and unprofit
And guides them in is called the Hook.
How the Modes of Conveying and the Guide-Lines are Employed
26. Sixteen Conveyings first, surveying
With Plotting then of the Directions,
And having collected with the Hook,
Three Guide-Lines demonstrate a Thread.27. (i) The Letter, (ii) the Term, an then (iii) the Phrasing,
Also (iv) the Linguistic [inflexion],
(v) the Demonstration, and (vi) the Mood
As sixth: this much concerns the phrasing.28. PTS vp Pli 5 (vii) Explaining, (viii) Displaying, and (ix) Divulging,
(x) Analysing, (xi) Exhibiting, (xii) Describing:
By these six terms are demonstrated
A meaning and an action too.29. PTS vp En 12The Blessed One’s Utterance’s meaning
Yokes nine terms for its meaning, namely:
The [first] three Guide-Lines, dropping none,
And meaning-words that number six.30. For meaning nine terms, twenty-four
For searching of the phrasing, too,
These come in all to thirty-three,
And that much constitutes the guide.
The Demonstrative Subsection.
Phần luận giải về các phương thức truyền đạt và đối chiếu giáo pháp giúp thấu triệt ý nghĩa sâu xa của lời Phật dạy. Bài học: Chánh niệm và trí tuệ là đôi cánh bảo vệ con người khỏi mọi đau khổ luân hồi.
Tattha saṅkhepato netti kittitā.
3.1. Hārasaṅkhepa
Assādādīnavatā,
Nissaraṇampi ca phalaṁ upāyo ca;
Āṇattī ca bhagavato,
Yogīnaṁ desanāhāro.
Yaṁ pucchitañca vissajjitañca,
Suttassa yā ca anugīti;
Suttassa yo pavicayo,
Hāro vicayoti niddiṭṭho.
Sabbesaṁ hārānaṁ,
Yā bhūmī yo ca gocaro tesaṁ;
Yuttāyuttaparikkhā,
Hāro yuttīti niddiṭṭho.
Dhammaṁ deseti jino,
Tassa ca dhammassa yaṁ padaṭṭhānaṁ;
Iti yāva sabbadhammā,
Eso hāro padaṭṭhāno.
Vuttamhi ekadhamme,
Ye dhammā ekalakkhaṇā keci;
Vuttā bhavanti sabbe,
So hāro lakkhaṇo nāma.
Neruttamadhippāyo,
Byañjanamatha desanānidānañca;
Pubbāparānusandhī,
Eso hāro catubyūho.
Ekamhi padaṭṭhāne,
Pariyesati sesakaṁ padaṭṭhānaṁ;
Āvaṭṭati paṭipakkhe,
Āvaṭṭo nāma so hāro.
Dhammañca padaṭṭhānaṁ,
Bhūmiñca vibhajjate ayaṁ hāro;
Sādhāraṇe asādhā-
Raṇe ca neyyo vibhattīti.
Kusalākusale dhamme,
Niddiṭṭhe bhāvite pahīne ca;
Parivattati paṭipakkhe,
Hāro parivattano nāma.
Vevacanāni bahūni tu,
Sutte vuttāni ekadhammassa;
Yo jānāti suttavidū,
Vevacano nāma so hāro.
Ekaṁ bhagavā dhammaṁ,
Paññattīhi vividhāhi deseti;
So ākāro ñeyyo,
Paññattī nāma hāroti.
Yo ca paṭiccuppādo,
Indriyakhandhā ca dhātu āyatanā;
Etehi otarati yo,
Otaraṇo nāma so hāro.
Vissajjitamhi pañhe,
Gāthāyaṁ pucchitā yamārabbha;
Suddhāsuddhaparikkhā,
Hāro so sodhano nāma.
Ekattatāya dhammā,
Yepi ca vemattatāya niddiṭṭhā;
Te na vikappayitabbā,
Eso hāro adhiṭṭhāno.
Ye dhammā yaṁ dhammaṁ,
Janayantippaccayā paramparato;
Hetumavakaḍḍhayitvā,
Eso hāro parikkhāro.
Ye dhammā yaṁmūlā,
Ye cekatthā pakāsitā muninā;
Te samaropayitabbā,
Esa samāropano hāro.
3.2. Nayasaṅkhepa
Taṇhañca avijjampi ca,
Samathena vipassanāya yo neti;
Saccehi yojayitvā,
Ayaṁ nayo nandiyāvaṭṭo.
Yo akusale samūlehi,
Neti kusale ca kusalamūlehi;
Bhūtaṁ tathaṁ avitathaṁ,
Tipukkhalaṁ taṁ nayaṁ āhu.
Yo neti vipallāsehi,
Kilese indriyehi saddhamme;
Etaṁ nayaṁ nayavidū,
Sīhavikkīḷitaṁ āhu.
Veyyākaraṇesu hi ye,
Kusalākusalā tahiṁ tahiṁ vuttā;
Manasā volokayate,
Taṁ khu disālocanaṁ āhu.
Oloketvā disalocanena,
Ukkhipiya yaṁ samāneti;
Sabbe kusalākusale,
Ayaṁ nayo aṅkuso nāma.
Soḷasa hārā paṭhamaṁ,
Disalocanato disā viloketvā;
Saṅkhipiya aṅkusena hi,
Nayehi tīhi niddise suttaṁ.
3.3. Dvādasapada
Akkharaṁ padaṁ byañjanaṁ,
nirutti tatheva niddeso;
Ākārachaṭṭhavacanaṁ,
ettāva byañjanaṁ sabbaṁ.
Saṅkāsanā pakāsanā,
Vivaraṇā vibhajanuttānīkammapaññatti;
Etehi chahi padehi,
Attho kammañca niddiṭṭhaṁ.
Tīṇi ca nayā anūnā,
Atthassa ca chappadāni gaṇitāni;
Navahi padehi bhagavato,
Vacanassattho samāyutto.
Atthassa navappadāni,
Byañjanapariyeṭṭhiyā catubbīsa;
Ubhayaṁ saṅkalayitvā,
Tettiṁsā ettikā nettīti.
Niddesavāro.