Kinh 40. phong trệ
Tôi nghe như vầy:
Một thời, Phật ở tại vườn Cấp cô độc, rừng cây Kỳ-đà, nước Xá-vệ. Bấy giờ, Thế Tôn nói với các Tỳ-kheo:
“Phong trệ, thì không giải thoát. Không phong trệ, thì được giải thoát.
“Thế nào là phong trệ không giải thoát?
“Tỳ-kheo, thức vin bám vào bốn thủ ấm mà trụ. Bốn là những gì? Thức bị phong trệ bởi sắc mà trụ. Cũng vậy, thức bị phong trệ bởi thọ, tưởng và hành mà trụ… cho đến chẳng phải là cảnh giới. Đó gọi là phong trệ nên không giải thoát.
“Thế nào là không bị phong tỏa trì trệ, thì giải thoát?
“Đối với sắc giới ly tham; với thọ, tưởng, hành mà ly tham… cho đến thanh lương, thanh tịnh, chân thật. Đó gọi là không bị phong trệ, thì được giải thoát.”
Phật nói kinh này xong, các Tỳ-kheo nghe những gì Đức Phật dạy, hoan hỷ phụng hành.
如是我聞：
一時，佛住舍衛國祇樹給孤T 0009a28獨園。
爾時，世尊告諸比丘：「封滯者不解脫，T 0009a29不封滯則解脫。云何封滯不解脫？比丘！攀T 0009b01緣四取陰識住。云何為四？色封滯識住，受、T 0009b02想、行封滯識住，乃至非境界故，是名封滯，T 0009b03故不解脫。云何不封滯則解脫？於色界T 0009b04離貪，受、想、行、識離貪，乃至清淨真實，是T 0009b05則不封滯則解脫。」
佛說此經已，諸比丘聞T 0009b06佛所說，歡喜奉行。
T 0009b07SC 1Thus have I heard: One time, the Buddha was staying at Anāthapiṇḍada’s Park in Jeta’s Grove of Śrāvastī.
SC 2It was then that the Bhagavān addressed the monks, “Someone involved isn’t liberated, but when they aren’t involved, then they are liberated. How is someone involved not liberated? Monks, consciousness abides in its substrates of four acquired aggregates. What are the four? Consciousness abides involved with form. Consciousness abides involved with feeling … conception … volition [as its substrate. Soaked with greed and delight, it grows and expands. Monks, consciousness (abides) in them, whether it’s abiding, disappearing, or growing and expanding in the future or past.]
SC 3[“Monks, suppose consciousness exists apart from form, feeling, conception, and volition, whether it’s abiding or arising in the future or past. It would exist only as an assertion. Asking that question while not knowing this will increase someone’s delusion] because it’s something that’s unsupported. This is called someone not being liberated because they are involved.
SC 4[“How is someone who isn’t involved then liberated? Parting with greed for the element of form, [their mental involvement with form that produces bondage is ended. After that, the substrate (of form) is ended. After the substrate is ended, consciousness has nowhere to dwell, and it doesn’t continue to grow and expand.]
SC 5“Parting with greed for the element of feeling … conception … volition, [their mental involvement with volition that produces bondage is ended. After that, the substrate (of volition) is ended. After the substrate is ended, consciousness has nowhere to dwell, and it doesn’t continue to grow and expand.]
SC 6[“Because it doesn’t grow, volitions aren’t created. Once volitions aren’t created, then one abides. Once one is abiding, they are satisfied. Once they’re satisfied, they’re liberated. Once they’re liberated, they grasp nothing and attach to nothing in all the world. Once they grasp nothing and attach to nothing, they realize nirvāṇa for themselves: ‘My births have been ended, the religious practice has been established, and the task has been accomplished. I myself know that I won’t be subject to a later existence.’]
SC 7[“I say that that consciousness doesn’t go east, west, south, north, to the four counterpoints, up, or down. There’s no destination to which it goes. When it’s about to enter nirvāṇa, it’s truly ceased, quenched, and] purified in the present life. This is someone being liberated because they are not involved.”
SC 8After the Buddha spoke this sūtra, the monks who heard what the Buddha taught rejoiced and approved.
Tôi nghe như vầy:
Một thời, Phật ở tại vườn Cấp cô độc, rừng cây Kỳ-đà, nước Xá-vệ. Bấy giờ, Thế Tôn nói với các Tỳ-kheo:
“Phong trệ, thì không giải thoát. Không phong trệ, thì được giải thoát.
“Thế nào là phong trệ không giải thoát?
“Tỳ-kheo, thức vin bám vào bốn thủ ấm mà trụ. Bốn là những gì? Thức bị phong trệ bởi sắc mà trụ. Cũng vậy, thức bị phong trệ bởi thọ, tưởng và hành mà trụ… cho đến chẳng phải là cảnh giới. Đó gọi là phong trệ nên không giải thoát.
“Thế nào là không bị phong tỏa trì trệ, thì giải thoát?
“Đối với sắc giới ly tham; với thọ, tưởng, hành mà ly tham… cho đến thanh lương, thanh tịnh, chân thật. Đó gọi là không bị phong trệ, thì được giải thoát.”
Phật nói kinh này xong, các Tỳ-kheo nghe những gì Đức Phật dạy, hoan hỷ phụng hành.
SC 1Thus have I heard: One time, the Buddha was staying at Anāthapiṇḍada’s Park in Jeta’s Grove of Śrāvastī.
SC 2It was then that the Bhagavān addressed the monks, “Someone involved isn’t liberated, but when they aren’t involved, then they are liberated. How is someone involved not liberated? Monks, consciousness abides in its substrates of four acquired aggregates. What are the four? Consciousness abides involved with form. Consciousness abides involved with feeling … conception … volition [as its substrate. Soaked with greed and delight, it grows and expands. Monks, consciousness (abides) in them, whether it’s abiding, disappearing, or growing and expanding in the future or past.]
SC 3[“Monks, suppose consciousness exists apart from form, feeling, conception, and volition, whether it’s abiding or arising in the future or past. It would exist only as an assertion. Asking that question while not knowing this will increase someone’s delusion] because it’s something that’s unsupported. This is called someone not being liberated because they are involved.
SC 4[“How is someone who isn’t involved then liberated? Parting with greed for the element of form, [their mental involvement with form that produces bondage is ended. After that, the substrate (of form) is ended. After the substrate is ended, consciousness has nowhere to dwell, and it doesn’t continue to grow and expand.]
SC 5“Parting with greed for the element of feeling … conception … volition, [their mental involvement with volition that produces bondage is ended. After that, the substrate (of volition) is ended. After the substrate is ended, consciousness has nowhere to dwell, and it doesn’t continue to grow and expand.]
SC 6[“Because it doesn’t grow, volitions aren’t created. Once volitions aren’t created, then one abides. Once one is abiding, they are satisfied. Once they’re satisfied, they’re liberated. Once they’re liberated, they grasp nothing and attach to nothing in all the world. Once they grasp nothing and attach to nothing, they realize nirvāṇa for themselves: ‘My births have been ended, the religious practice has been established, and the task has been accomplished. I myself know that I won’t be subject to a later existence.’]
SC 7[“I say that that consciousness doesn’t go east, west, south, north, to the four counterpoints, up, or down. There’s no destination to which it goes. When it’s about to enter nirvāṇa, it’s truly ceased, quenched, and] purified in the present life. This is someone being liberated because they are not involved.”
SC 8After the Buddha spoke this sūtra, the monks who heard what the Buddha taught rejoiced and approved.