4.6. Học Hỏi Ít.

“Cattārome, bhikkhave, puggalā santo saṁvijjamānā lokasmiṁ.

Katame cattāro?

Appassuto sutena anupapanno,

appassuto sutena upapanno,

bahussuto sutena anupapanno,

bahussuto sutena upapanno.

Kathañca, bhikkhave, puggalo appassuto hoti sutena anupapanno?

Idha, bhikkhave, ekaccassa puggalassa appakaṁ sutaṁ hoti—

suttaṁ geyyaṁ veyyākaraṇaṁ gāthā udānaṁ itivuttakaṁ jātakaṁ abbhutadhammaṁ vedallaṁ.

So tassa appakassa sutassa na atthamaññāya dhammamaññāya dhammānudhammappaṭipanno hoti.

Evaṁ kho, bhikkhave, puggalo appassuto hoti sutena anupapanno.

Kathañca, bhikkhave, puggalo appassuto hoti sutena upapanno?

Idha, bhikkhave, ekaccassa puggalassa appakaṁ sutaṁ hoti—

suttaṁ geyyaṁ veyyākaraṇaṁ gāthā udānaṁ itivuttakaṁ jātakaṁ abbhutadhammaṁ vedallaṁ.

So tassa appakassa sutassa atthamaññāya dhammamaññāya dhammānudhammappaṭipanno hoti.

Evaṁ kho, bhikkhave, puggalo appassuto hoti sutena upapanno.

Kathañca, bhikkhave, puggalo bahussuto hoti sutena anupapanno?

Idha, bhikkhave, ekaccassa puggalassa bahukaṁ sutaṁ hoti—

suttaṁ geyyaṁ veyyākaraṇaṁ gāthā udānaṁ itivuttakaṁ jātakaṁ abbhutadhammaṁ vedallaṁ.

So tassa bahukassa sutassa na atthamaññāya dhammamaññāya dhammānudhammappaṭipanno hoti.

Evaṁ kho, bhikkhave, puggalo bahussuto hoti sutena anupapanno.

Kathañca, bhikkhave, puggalo bahussuto hoti sutena upapanno?

Idha, bhikkhave, ekaccassa puggalassa bahukaṁ sutaṁ hoti—

suttaṁ geyyaṁ veyyākaraṇaṁ gāthā udānaṁ itivuttakaṁ jātakaṁ abbhutadhammaṁ vedallaṁ.

So tassa bahukassa sutassa atthamaññāya dhammamaññāya dhammānudhammappaṭipanno hoti.

Evaṁ kho, bhikkhave, puggalo bahussuto hoti sutena upapanno.

Ime kho, bhikkhave, cattāro puggalā santo saṁvijjamānā lokasminti.

Appassutopi ce hoti,

sīlesu asamāhito;

Ubhayena naṁ garahanti,

sīlato ca sutena ca.

Appassutopi ce hoti,

sīlesu susamāhito;

Sīlato naṁ pasaṁsanti,

tassa sampajjate sutaṁ.

Bahussutopi ce hoti,

sīlesu asamāhito;

Sīlato naṁ garahanti,

nāssa sampajjate sutaṁ.

Bahussutopi ce hoti,

sīlesu susamāhito;

Ubhayena naṁ pasaṁsanti,

sīlato ca sutena ca.

Bahussutaṁ dhammadharaṁ,

sappaññaṁ buddhasāvakaṁ;

Nekkhaṁ jambonadasseva,

ko taṁ ninditumarahati;

Devāpi naṁ pasaṁsanti,

brahmunāpi pasaṁsito”ti.

Chaṭṭhaṁ.

SC 1“Bhikkhus, there are these four kinds of persons found existing in the world. What four? One of little learning who is not intent on what he has learned; one of little learning who is intent on what he has learned; one of much learning who is not intent on what he has learned; and one of much learning who is intent on what he has learned.

SC 2(1) “And how is a person one of little learning who is not intent on what he has learned? an.ii.7 Here, someone has learned little—that is, of the discourses, mixed prose and verse, expositions, verses, inspired utterances, quotations, birth stories, amazing accounts, and questions-and-answers—but he does not understand the meaning of what he has learned; he does not understand the Dhamma; and he does not practice in accordance with the Dhamma. In such a way, a person is one of little learning who is not intent on what he has learned.

SC 3(2) “And how is a person one of little learning who is intent on what he has learned? Here, someone has learned little—that is, of the discourses … questions-and-answers—but having understood the meaning of what he has learned, and having understood the Dhamma, he practices in accordance with the Dhamma. In such a way, a person is one of little learning who is intent on what he has learned.

SC 4(3) “And how is a person one of much learning who is not intent on what he has learned? Here, someone has learned much—that is, of the discourses … questions-and-answers—but he does not understand the meaning of what he has learned; he does not understand the Dhamma; and he does not practice in accordance with the Dhamma. In such a way, a person is one of much learning who is not intent on what he has learned.

SC 5(4) “And how is a person one of much learning who is intent on what he has learned? Here, someone has learned much—that is, of the discourses … questions-and-answers—and having understood the meaning of what he has learned, and having understood the Dhamma, he practices in accordance with the Dhamma. In such a way, a person is one of much learning who is intent on what he has learned.

SC 6“These, bhikkhus, are the four kinds of persons found existing in the world.”

SC 7If one has little learning
and is not settled in the virtues,
they criticize him on both counts,
virtuous behavior and learning.

SC 8If one has little learning
but is well settled in the virtues,
they praise him for his virtuous behavior;
his learning has succeeded.

SC 9If one is highly learned
but is not settled in the virtues,
they criticize him for his lack of virtue;
his learning has not succeeded. an.ii.8

SC 10If one is highly learned
and is settled in the virtues,
they praise him on both counts,
virtuous behavior and learning.

SC 11When a disciple of the Buddha is highly learned,
an expert on the Dhamma, endowed with wisdom,
like a coin of refined mountain gold,
who is fit to blame him?
Even the devas praise such a one;
by Brahmā too he is praised.